Which of the following best describes non-verbal communication?

Non-verbal communication is primarily characterized by the use of body language and facial expressions to convey meaning and emotion without the use of words. This form of communication is crucial because it often complements or even contradicts verbal communication, adding depth to interactions. Non-verbal cues can include gestures, posture, eye contact, and physical proximity, all of which can express feelings such as confidence, anxiety, agreement, or disagreement.

Body language and facial expressions are significant in both personal and professional contexts, as they can influence how messages are received and interpreted. For instance, a smile can indicate friendliness, while crossed arms may suggest defensiveness. Understanding these non-verbal signals enhances effective communication and interpersonal relationships.

The other options reflect different forms of communication that involve verbal or written elements rather than non-verbal cues. Written notes and texts focus on written language, while verbal cues and tone of voice pertain to spoken language. Formal meetings and presentations typically depend on structured verbal communication and presentations rather than the non-verbal cues that are the hallmark of non-verbal communication.