What condition is characterized by inflammation of the stomach?

Gastritis is the correct answer as it specifically refers to the inflammation of the stomach lining. This condition can be caused by various factors, including infection, excessive alcohol consumption, certain medications, and stress. Symptoms often include abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and indigestion. Recognizing gastritis is important for appropriate treatment and management, as the inflammation can lead to more serious complications if not addressed.

Other conditions listed have different specificities; for example, ulcerative colitis is primarily an inflammatory bowel disease that affects the colon, appendicitis involves inflammation of the appendix, and gastroenteritis refers to inflammation of the stomach and intestines, typically due to infection. Each of these conditions affects different parts of the gastrointestinal system and has distinct causes and treatments, solidifying gastritis as the only choice that accurately fits the description of stomach inflammation.